Collect and Ship Your Cytology Like a Pro

By Dr. Kimia Alizadeh, veterinary resident

Advanced Collection Techniques

To maximize diagnostic yield from cytology samples, use a fine needle aspiration (FNA) with a 22-gauge needle and a 5-10 ml syringe, applying minimal negative pressure to avoid cellular trauma. Expel the sample gently onto slides and spread it into thin, even smears for optimal examination. For fluid samples, such as effusions or joint fluids, ensure aseptic collection and place aliquots in both EDTA tubes (for cytologic preservation) and plain red-top tubes (for biochemical analysis). Quick air-drying of smears is critical to preserve cellular integrity.

Efficient Packaging Protocols

Proper packaging ensures samples arrive in pristine condition, ready for analysis. Use slide mailers to protect glass slides from breakage and ensure all slides are completely dry before sealing. Fluid samples should be stored in leak-proof containers with clear labeling, including patient ID and sample site. Including an ice pack during warmer months can prevent sample degradation, but avoid direct contact to prevent freezing. A detailed submission form with clinical history and differential diagnoses is invaluable for accurate interpretation.

Pro Tips and Reminders

• Dry Those Slides: Ensure all slides are thoroughly air-dried before packaging to maintain cellular detail. Condensation can also form on slides that are moved from one temperature or humidity extreme to another, which may result in cellular degradation.
• Label Like a Pro: Clear, precise labeling with patient name, sample site, and date of collection can prevent confusion.
• Ship Smart: Use robust shipping containers, add absorbent materials to handle leaks, and avoid direct ice pack contact. Ship cytology samples separately from biopsy specimens. Exposure of cytology slides to formalin or formalin fumes often results in cellular degradation and loss of diagnostic quality. If separate shipping in not possible, please quadruple bag each specimen type to reduce the chances of cytology exposure.
• Share the Story: Provide a comprehensive clinical history to give pathologists the context needed for accurate sample interpretation, prioritization of differential diagnoses, and recommendation of relevant diagnostic tests.
• Special Handling: If a unique condition is suspected, note any special handling instructions to optimize sample integrity. If culture is on your list of potential diagnostic tests, it is best to ship a separate sample labeled as “Hold for culture” or similar. Processing of cytology specimens, such as fluids, does not utilize sterile technique and may contaminate a sample.